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Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is specifically designed to map IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. When an IPv4 device needs to communicate with another device on the same local network, it uses ARP to find out the MAC address associated with the target IP address. It sends an ARP request, and the device with the matching IP address responds with an ARP reply, providing its MAC address.
A. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP): This protocol is used for IPv6, not IPv4. NDP performs similar functions to ARP but in the context of IPv6 networks.C. Media Access Control Security (MACsec): This protocol provides security for Ethernet traffic and is unrelated to the process of mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses.D. Network Address Translation (NAT): This protocol modifies IP address information in packet headers while in transit, but it does not involve learning or mapping MAC addresses.
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